Mangazeya is a large territory in the east of the Yamal-Nenets autonomous area, near the rivers Pur and Taz. The word “Mangazeya” comes from the Enetz prince’s kin Monkasi (Muggadi), hence the name of the country Monkasi-ya that is translated as “the Monkasi kin’s land.” This land was known since ancient times in Rus and in the world. In fact, Mangazeya was a large country which is clear from the maps of the 16th century. It was known to Novgorod merchants as early as in the 12th century: It was famous for its furs and legends were composed about the wealth of the marvelous country.

In the early 12th century several campaigns to Mangazeya were undertaken by Russian servicemen. The first campaign failed, but the second turned out to be more successful: On the right bank of the river Taz a Russian town of the same name Mangazeya was founded in 1601. The town became a Russian outpost in the Western Siberia. Voivodes based in Mangazeya headed all Taz and lower Enisey non-Russians. The Enets locals were discontented with their status and requisitions of tsar’s officials, which caused several revolts against the Russians. During the last revolt which happened in 1669 the tsar’s troops had to leave the town.

As a result of numerous battles of the Enents with the Russians, the Nenets, and the Selkup the population of indigenous inhabitants of the region decreased. The Enets lost control over the territory of Mangazeya and left for the east towards Yenisey.

Up to now the legendary country of Mangazeya remains the richest region of Russia where enormous petroleum, gas and polymetal reserves are concentrated. The memories of the Mangazeya country and the Monkasi kin are still alive throughout centuries.